They may be clandestine officers of the FIS, such as Rudolf Abel, recruited in the target country, or recruited in a third country. In US practice, recruiting agents are called access agents.īoth operation leaders and the supplementary group must be clandestine in support roles to basic agents. Also in the basic group are "executive agents", who will kill or commit sabotage, and recruiting agents. Basic agents include information providers, perhaps through espionage or expertise about some local subject. īasic agents can be formed into groups with leaders, or report directly to the controller. Other asset roles include support functions such as communications, forgery, disguise, etc.Īccording to Victor Suvorov, a former Soviet military intelligence officer, a Soviet officer may be under diplomatic or nonofficial cover, handling two kinds of agent: basic and supplementary. Even though such information might be readily visible, the laws of many countries would consider reporting it to a foreign power espionage. The term spy refers to human agents that are recruited by case officers of a foreign intelligence agency.Īcquiring information may not involve collecting secret documents, but something as simple as observing the number and types of ships in a port. The work of detecting and " doubling" spies who betray their oaths to work on behalf of a foreign intelligence agency is an important part of counterintelligence. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ĭlandestine HUMINT asset recruiting refers to the recruitment of human agents, commonly known as spies, who work for a foreign government, or within a host country's government or other target of intelligence interest for the gathering of human intelligence. ( January 2021) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style. This means that government agents can enter a house, apartment or office with a search warrant when the occupant is away, search through his/her property and take photographs-in some cases seizing property and electronic communications-and not tell the owner until later.Ħ.Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts on Applications for Delayed-Notice Search Warrants and Extensions for fiscal year 2010, on file with the Administrative Office of the United States Courts.This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. "Sneak & Peek" Searches: The Patriot Act allows federal law enforcement agencies to delay giving notice when they conduct secret searches of Americans homes and offices-a fundamental change to Fourth Amendment privacy protections and search warrants. These gag order provisions have been held unconstitutional in several legal cases.īetween 20, the FBI made 53 reported criminal referrals to prosecutors as a result of 143,074 NSLs.ġ43,074 NSLs, 53 reported criminal referrals: The Patriot Act prohibits Americans who receive NSLs from telling anyone. In response to 9 NSLs, 11,100 Americans' telephone account records were turned over to the FBI. Your info: Saved forever.Īt least 34,000 law enforcement and intelligence agents have access to phone records collected through NSLs. The conviction would have occurred even without the Patriot Act.Ībuse of Privacy: The Patriot Act does not require information obtained by NSLs to be destroyed - even if the information is determined to concern innocent Americans. Under the Patriot Act, National Security Letters (NSLs) are issued by FBI agents, without a judge's approval, to obtain personal information, including phone records, computer records, credit history, and banking history.īetween 20, the FBI issued 192,499 NSLs, which led to one terror-related conviction. On May 26, 2011, Senator Ron Wyden (D-OR), said, "I want to deliver a warning … when the American people find out how their government has secretly interpreted the Patriot Act, they will be stunned and they will be angry." While most Americans think it was created to catch terrorists, the Patriot Act actually turns regular citizens into suspects. Hastily passed 45 days after 9/11 in the name of national security, the Patriot Act was the first of many changes to surveillance laws that made it easier for the government to spy on ordinary Americans by expanding the authority to monitor phone and email communications, collect bank and credit reporting records, and track the activity of innocent Americans on the Internet.
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